Worms – it is undesirable to the worms, who live at the expense of people, animals and plants. On the territory of Russia, has about 70 species of parasites, which can become infected in various ways (direct contact, through water and soil, or through ingestion of infected products). However, if you lead a healthy lifestyle, adhere to the personal hygiene, receive the right medication, then from them you can get rid of.
Types of parasites
In the human body can survive different types of worming. To get rid of them, it is necessary to know with what view it is necessary to fight:
- Ascaris;
- Pinworms;
- Giardia;
- Pig and bullish apni;
- Toxocara;
- Tapeworm wide;
- The Echinococcus.
Roundworm – the most common type of parasites in the human body. The length of the adult worm reaches 40 see It affects the small intestine of the body of children and adults. Infestation of this parasite causes the disease ascariasis.
Pinworms – a variety of round parasites, which occur more frequently in children because of the ignore the rules of personal hygiene. Pinworms cause enterobiasis disease.
Giardia – parasite, which occurs in 20% of children worldwide, less often in adults. In the zone of defeat are the departments of the colon, less frequently, urinary bladder, liver and bile ducts. The worms causing the disease giardiasis.
Pig and bullish apni – two kinds of parasites, similar among themselves. Represent the flat worms, which enter into the organism when eating the infected meat of the animals. The length of the pig tapeworm can reach 3 meters, and beef – 10 meters. In the period of maturation of the egg worming they go out together with the feces.
Toxocara – that's the whole stray worm, which belongs to the group of Ascaris. It is spread through eggs, which are in the feces of animals and is able to continue its development in a humid environment. The length of the adult worm reaches 30 see Helminths cause the disease toxocariasis.
Tapeworms wide – is it a parasite that lives in the human body the longest. The maximum length of life of the parasite – to 25 years and the maximum length is 10 meters. Eggs and larvae get into the organism when the consumption of poorly cooked fish, crayfish and caviar.
Echinococcus – it is a parasite of the tape forms. It affects the internal organs: the liver, the lungs, less frequently the eyes, brain and heart. Its length is small – only 8 mm maximum. In the early stages of the disease develops almost without symptoms.
The path of the disease
To protect themselves from parasites, what you need to know about the four most common methods of infection the eggs of worms:
- Through the water and the soil;
- Through direct contact;
- Through the consumption of contaminated food of animal origin;
- When the bite of insects.
Geohelminths (roundworm, Toxocara) are transmitted through water and soil, which contain eggs. They fall into the small intestine when consuming unwashed products or poor quality water. Inside the body of the worm develops and lay new eggs, which along with fecal matter getting into the external environment, to infect other persons. Features geohelminthoses lies in the fact that they can infect humans through the expansion of their eggs through the skin of the feet (in particular, chapped and dry skin).
Very widespread is such a transfer method like direct contact. Infected from domestic animals, in organisms that already live worms. During the game, joint activities or hand contact with dogs or cats, the eggs of worms are found on the surface of the waves, penetrate through the skin of a person, as a result of what is happening infecting organism.
Consumption of raw or insufficiently processed meat can cause fees bioeliminable (including the middleware host). In addition to the high risk of infection by parasites, there is a likelihood of intervention into the organism of the intestinal infection, which also need to fight.
Infestation by insect bites occurs rarely. However, they can convey people the following types of diseases: kantarias, from the myiasis, scoleciasis.
Children are worm infestations more often adults. This is due to the fact that they have active contact with the external environment and is still quite a weak immune system. So a child up to 6 years is under a high threat of infection. In 4-5 years, virtually all children are infected with worms.
Symptoms
Parasites occur in various sizes, from microscopic to several meters in length. Different and place their habitat in the human body: the liver, intestines, muscles and so on, Despite such a clear distinction, when an organism manifest the common symptoms of parasitic infestations, among which are:
- Intoxication of the organism;
- Allergies;
- The reduction of body weight;
- An increase in temperature;
- Anemia;
- The intestinal disorders;
- Changes in food preferences;
- Itching around the anus.
Parasites in your life can release toxins that are poisoning the human body. Symptoms of intoxication are: headache, nausea, change in appetite, weakness, and irritability.
The health of the skin may indicate the presence of parasites. When parasitic infestations may be the following symptoms: rash, pink acne, hives. If it is an allergic reaction that was diagnosed until the emergence of parasites, it can cause deterioration on the background of the infection: the swelling of mucus, in the bronchospasm and others.
The reduction of body weight is especially clearly manifested in children. The fact that he has a good appetite, the child may lose weight. The symptom is characterized by that on the body of helminths. Body temperature in this case shall not exceed a 37.5 degree Celsius.
Symptoms of anemia: pale skin, weakness, dizziness. It is one of the first symptoms of infection with worms. The parasites feed on the vitamins, trace elements, which penetrate into the organism together with food. They destroy red blood cells in the body and cause anemia.
Parasites negative impact on digestive function, which observed the intestinal disorders. Frequent loose stools, constipation, pain in the stomach area, bloating – the main symptoms of parasitic infestations.
Some species are parasites (e.g., Echinococcus) causing craving for spicy, salty and smoked food.
Another common sign of the presence of worms – itching around the anus. With a small suspicion of the presence of parasitic infestations, it is necessary to visit a doctor and undergo a complete examination.
Diagnosis
If a person suspects that in his body have worms, he would turn to the parasitologist-infectious diseases. In state clinics usually such a doctor they do not. In his absence, it is necessary to turn to a gastroenterologist.
To diagnose the parasites, you will need to successfully pass the tests:
- Blood;
- Feces;
- On instrumental examination.
The presence of worms affect the structure of the blood. In his laboratory studies can be detected by eosinophils — are cells that belong to the group of leukocytes. They help doctors to identify such pathology, such as infection and parasitic infestation. But before establish the definitive diagnosis, it must be remembered that these cells arise and allergic. Determine whether it is in the body a person has parasites, need to pass additional examinations.
Cal shows up, whether it is in the content of the eggs of worms. Analysis is assigned to all potentially sick without exception, if there is suspicion for the presence of worms in the body.
Some species of parasites (as Echinococcus) populated in the bodies of human. If you want to diagnose their availability, you will need to stick to the instrumental examination: chest x-ray, fibrogastroduodenoscopy, ULTRASOUND of organs of abdominal region. For a positive result would require immediate treatment.
Treatment of parasites
The disease is treated with vermifuge medicines depending on the condition of the patient and type of worming in the body. But many of them have contraindications and side effects. So depending on the organism of the patient, the treatment regimen is assigned individually.
For fast healing is prescribed for these methods of treatment:
- Cure;
- People's;
- Diet.
These methods can be used both independently (as a prevention), come together (with the aim of maximum effect in the treatment).
Drugs
Favorite products from the worms are produced in the form of a tablet. But there are also suspension and rectal suppositories. A suspension of more created for children who can not yet properly digest or swallow tablets. Suppositories have a minimum number of side effects, but their effectiveness is not foolproof. If the worms live outside of the intestine, the rectal suppository can help.
The rules of eating
Get rid of parasitic infestations may be faster, if coupled with the intake of drugs to eat properly. Some foods creates a unfavorable for the worms environment, thereby trying to leave the body.
The list of plant products against worms:
- Garlic;
- Berries strawberries;
- Apricot pits;
- The juice of ripe watermelons without chemicals;
- Raw carrots and seeds;
- Dried lemon blister;
- The seeds of pumpkin and watermelon.
In the treatment using drugs it is important to follow a proper diet. In the composition of the food must be present a lot of protein.
It is necessary to include in the diet of dairy products – ryazhenka, whey, yogurt. They contain protein, which facilitates the work of the liver and removes fat cells. Do not forget the intake of fiber. It favorably affects the system of the digestive tract. It is contained in fruits, vegetables, whole wheat bread.
Harmful products in the presence of a person of worms:
- Sweets;
- Cereals;
- Potatoes;
- Flour;
- Pasta.
In the treatment of parasitic infestations it is necessary to exclude bad habits: alcoholic beverages and tobacco. In them are contained the substance, which destroys the group of vitamins and amino acids.
Folk remedies
Folk medicine has in its arsenal of many plants (garlic, onion, pepper, pumpkin seeds), which effectively fight with with worms. The advantages of folk recipes: the lack of side effects, they have Allergy, anti-inflammatory and detoxification properties.
Below presents a few recipes from folk medicine.
Known vermifuge the plant is tansy vulgaris. In its composition includes essential oil of tansy and ingredient is thujone, which have a paralytic effect on the parasite invasion. Plant a destructive effect on Ascaris and roundworms. Method of cooking: add in a glass of boiling water 1 tbsp the plants of tansy, then filter. Method of use: drink the tincture need 3 times a day 1 article a teaspoon 30 min before meals.
Bitter wormwood since ancient times, is used against worms. The plant is used against Giardia, Ascaris and tape worms. Of herbs is prepared alcohol tincture. Method of use: 20 drops of tincture on alcohol 3 times/day, 30 minutes before eating food.
Pomegranate is an excellent struggling with the parasitic invasion. In its composition are the components that get rid of the patient from the tape and round worms. Cooking method: crushing of the bark of pomegranate and cooking it in 750 ml of water. Method of use: drink after a period of 90 minutes in three of the income to 250 ml. For the time-either there is prohibited. After 4 hours after the last ingestion of drink a pill laxative.
In the garlic is volatile and essential oils. Have a good vermifuge effect. The plant is excellent fights with round worms. Method of use: eat one after the other cloves of garlic in the morning, at lunch and in the evening.
One more effective remedy – tincture of green walnuts. In the fruit contains active substances, which normalize metabolic processes. Tincture acquires the work of the digestive tract and positively affects the thyroid gland. Way of cooking: made on vodka in the ratio — 5 peeled whole walnuts, 200 grams of vodka. We let the day. Way of use: one teaspoon every morning before breakfast.
Against parasitic infestation excellent folk remedies are also onions, nettle, clove, burdock, dandelion and other plants. Actively practiced enemas (such as against pinworms). But it should be noted that the people's methods of treatment are more preventive, than the main.
Before starting treatment folk methods, consult your doctor.
Prevention
Prevention is by worming means the observance of personal hygiene, careful washing of vegetables and fruits. Before taking the mass of the food, it is necessary to make sure that it has passed the heat treatment.
Lovers of salt and canned fish, must rethink their preferences. In such products populated the worms, which are dangerous for health and life of humans. In the presence of domestic animals and frequent contact with them, once in half a year-year it is necessary to carry out prevention of helminthiasis, and infection in time to heal.